McKoy v North Carolina 128

494 US 433; 108 L Ed 2d 369; 110 SCt 1227; [1990] Mills 486

United States Supreme Court

United States - New York

5th March, 1990

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date	Full Text	Citation Index †
Sawyer v Whitley	505 US 333; 120 L Ed 2d 269; 112 SCt 2514	United States Supreme Court	United States	22 Jun 1992	WorldLII	357
Herrera v Collins	506 US 390; 122 L Ed 2d 203; 113 SCt 853	United States Supreme Court	United States	25 Jan 1993	WorldLII	273
Walton v Arizona	497 US 639; 111 L Ed 2d 511; 110 SCt 3047	United States Supreme Court	United States	30 Aug 1990	WorldLII	199
Saffle v Parks	494 US 484; 108 L Ed 2d 415; 110 SCt 1257	United States Supreme Court	United States	30 Apr 1990	WorldLII	174
Schad v Arizona	501 US 624; 115 L Ed 2d 555; 111 SCt 2491	United States Supreme Court	United States	13 Sep 1991	WorldLII	134
Sawyer v Smith	497 US 227; 111 L Ed 2d 193; 110 SCt 2822	United States Supreme Court	United States	30 Aug 1990	WorldLII	130
O'Sullivan v Boerckel	135 F3d 1194; 119 SCt 1728; 144 L Ed 2d 1; 526 US 838	United States Supreme Court	United States	1 Jun 1999	WorldLII	118
Brecheen v Reynolds	41 F3d 1343	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	14 Oct 1994	WorldLII	104
Morgan v Illinois	504 US 719; 119 L Ed 2d 492; 112 SCt 2222	United States Supreme Court	United States	15 Jun 1992	WorldLII	96
Johnson v Texas	509 US 350; 125 L Ed 2d 290; 113 SCt 2658	United States Supreme Court	United States	9 Aug 1993	WorldLII	87
United States v Harris	959 F2d 246; 294 USApp DC 300	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	3 Apr 1992	WorldLII	60
Green v French	143 F3d 865	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	13 May 1998	WorldLII	57
United States v Hiland	909 F2d 1114; 30 Fed REvid Serv 720	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	19 Jul 1990	WorldLII	54
LaFevers v Gibson	182 F3d 705	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	16 Jun 1999	WorldLII	47
Coe v Bell	161 F3d 320	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	23 Feb 1999	WorldLII	46
Carter v Bell	218 F3d 581	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	7 Jul 2000	WorldLII	44
Smith v Dixon	14 F3d 956	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	21 Jan 1994	WorldLII	44
Smith v McCormick	914 F2d 1153	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	7 Sep 1990	WorldLII	44
Duvall v Reynolds	139 F3d 768	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	4 Mar 1998	WorldLII	39
United States v Tipton	90 F3d 861	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	8 Jul 1996	WorldLII	39
Coleman v Mitchell	268 F3d 417	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	10 Oct 2001	WorldLII	38
United States v Webster	162 F3d 308	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	29 Jan 1999	WorldLII	37
Tennard v Dretke	542 US 274; 124 SCt 2562; 159 L Ed 2d 384	United States Supreme Court	United States	24 Jun 2004	WorldLII	35
Gacy v Welborn	994 F2d 305; 61 USLW 2665	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	7 May 1993	WorldLII	35
Beard v Banks	542 US 406; 124 SCt 2504; 159 L Ed 2d 494	United States Supreme Court	United States	24 Jun 2004	WorldLII	33
Zettlemoyer v Fulcomer	923 F2d 284	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	20 Mar 1991	WorldLII	33
Miller v Johnson	200 F3d 274	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	23 Feb 2000	WorldLII	32
Gall v Parker	231 F3d 265	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	30 Oct 2000	WorldLII	31
Castro v Ward	138 F3d 810	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	2 Mar 1998	WorldLII	31
Austin v Bell	126 F3d 843	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	2 Oct 1997	WorldLII	31
Sweet v Delo	125 F3d 1144	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	9 Oct 1997	WorldLII	27
Nave v Delo	62 F3d 1024	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	7 Aug 1995	WorldLII	27
Battle v Delo	19 F3d 1547	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	27 May 1994	WorldLII	27
Hughes v Johnson	191 F3d 607	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	5 Oct 1999	WorldLII	26
Jacobs v Scott	31 F3d 1319	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	1 Sep 1994	WorldLII	26
United States v A Washington	106 F3d 983; 46 Fed REvid Serv 719; 323 USApp DC 175	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	21 Feb 1997	WorldLII	23
Williams v Dixon	961 F2d 448	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	24 Mar 1992	WorldLII	23
Fullwood v Lee	290 F3d 663	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	21 May 2002	WorldLII	22
Reese v Delo	94 F3d 1177	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	28 Oct 1996	WorldLII	21
United States v Edmonds	80 F3d 810	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	4 Apr 1996	WorldLII	21
Maynard v Dixon	943 F2d 407; 20 Fed RServ3d 1384	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	19 Aug 1991	WorldLII	21
Murtishaw v Woodford	255 F3d 926	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	26 Jun 2001	WorldLII	20
Kornahrens v Evatt	66 F3d 1350	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	3 Oct 1995	WorldLII	20
United States v Holley	942 F2d 916	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	13 Sep 1991	WorldLII	20
House v Tennessee	498 US 911; 112 L Ed 2d 238; 111 SCt 284	United States Supreme Court	United States	9 Oct 1990	WorldLII	19
Bigby v Dretke	402 F3d 551	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	8 Mar 2005	WorldLII	17
Boyd v French	147 F3d 319	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	19 Jun 1998	WorldLII	17
Miller v Lockhart	65 F3d 676	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	7 Sep 1995	WorldLII	17
Griffin v Delo	33 F3d 895	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	21 Nov 1994	WorldLII	17
United States v Correa-Ventura	6 F3d 1070	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	1 Nov 1993	WorldLII	17
Bush v Singletary	988 F2d 1082	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	30 Mar 1993	WorldLII	17
Rodriguez v Colorado	498 US 1055; 112 L Ed 2d 789; 111 SCt 770	United States Supreme Court	United States	14 Jan 1991	WorldLII	17
Smith v Texas	543 US 37; 125 SCt 400; 160 L Ed 2d 303	United States Supreme Court	United States	15 Nov 2004	WorldLII	16
United States v Stitt	250 F3d 878	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	25 May 2001	WorldLII	16
Williams v French	146 F3d 203	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	18 May 1998	WorldLII	15
United States v Bellrichard	62 F3d 1046	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	8 Aug 1995	WorldLII	15
United States v Cheely	36 F3d 1439	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	3 Oct 1994	WorldLII	15
Summerlin v Stewart	341 F3d 1082	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	2 Sep 2003	WorldLII	14
Arnold v Evatt	113 F3d 1352	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	14 May 1997	WorldLII	14
Lawson v Dixon	3 F3d 743	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	26 Aug 1993	WorldLII	14
Allen v Lee	366 F3d 319	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	28 Apr 2004	WorldLII	13
Abu-Ali Abdur'Rahman, Petitioner-Appellee/Cross-Appellant, v Ricky Bell, Warden, Respondent-Appellant/ Cross-Appellee	226 F3d 696	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	13 Sep 2000	WorldLII	13
Rupe v Wood	93 F3d 1434	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	15 Aug 1996	WorldLII	13
Wilcher v Hargett	978 F2d 872	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	22 Dec 1992	WorldLII	13
McDougall v Dixon	921 F2d 518	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	19 Dec 1990	WorldLII	13
Jermyn v Horn	266 F3d 257	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	21 Sep 2001	WorldLII	12
Langford v Day	110 F3d 1380	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	14 Apr 1997	WorldLII	12
United States v McCormick	72 F3d 1404	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	27 Dec 1995	WorldLII	12
Newsted v Gibson	158 F3d 1085	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	15 Oct 1998	WorldLII	11
In Re: Grand Jury Subpoena Judith Miller	397 F3d 964	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States	15 Feb 2005	WorldLII	10
United States v Jackson	327 F3d 273	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	18 Mar 2003	WorldLII	10
Jones v Cooper Rc	311 F3d 306	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	14 Nov 2002	WorldLII	10
United States v Bradstreet	135 F3d 46	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	29 Jan 1998	WorldLII	10
Frey v Fulcomer	132 F3d 916	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	30 Dec 1997	WorldLII	10
Kevin Stanford, Petitioner-Appellant, v Phil Parker, Warden, Kentucky State Penitentiary, Respondent-Appellee	266 F3d 442	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	20 Sep 2001	WorldLII	9
Kilgore v Bowersox	124 F3d 985	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	25 Nov 1997	WorldLII	9
Price v North Carolina	512 US 1249; 114 SCt 2776; 129 L Ed 2d 888	United States Supreme Court	United States	30 Jun 1994	WorldLII	9
Peterson v Murray	904 F2d 882	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	18 Jun 1990	WorldLII	9
Martinez v Dretke	404 F3d 878	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	23 Mar 2005	WorldLII	8
McDonald v Bowersox	101 F3d 588	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	23 Jan 1997	WorldLII	8
Ted Calvin Cole v Dretke	418 F3d 494	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	22 Jul 2005	WorldLII	7
Roach v Angelone	176 F3d 210	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	4 May 1999	WorldLII	6
Noland v B French Noland	134 F3d 208	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	7 Jan 1998	WorldLII	6
Duvall v Reynolds	131 F3d 907	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	10 Dec 1997	WorldLII	6
Nave v K Delo C Nave	22 F3d 802	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	13 Jul 1994	WorldLII	6
Sims v Brown	425 F3d 560	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	21 Sep 2005	WorldLII	5
Coble v Dretke	417 F3d 508	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	18 Jul 2005	WorldLII	5
Banks v Horn Pa J	316 F3d 228	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	14 Jan 2003	WorldLII	5
Parker v Norris	64 F3d 1178	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	31 Aug 1995	WorldLII	5
Smith v Dixon Smith	996 F2d 667	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	23 Jul 1993	WorldLII	5
Frey v A Fulcomer	974 F2d 348	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	15 Sep 1992	WorldLII	5
Brown v Rc Lee	319 F3d 162	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	14 Feb 2003	WorldLII	4
Hunt v Rc Lee	291 F3d 284	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	23 May 2002	WorldLII	4
Caruthers Alexander, Petitioner-Appellant, v Gary l Johnson, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Institutional Division, Respondent-Appellee	211 F3d 895	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	5 May 2000	WorldLII	4
Campbell v Merit Systems Protection Board	27 F3d 1560	United States Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit	United States	6 Jun 1994	WorldLII	4
Albrecht 04-9006 v Horn 04-9005	485 F3d 103	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	19 Apr 2007	WorldLII	3
Nelson v Quarterman	472 F3d 287	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	11 Dec 2006	WorldLII	3
Coble v Dretke	444 F3d 345	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	22 Mar 2006	WorldLII	3
Nelson v Dretke	442 F3d 282	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	1 Mar 2006	WorldLII	3
United States v Southwell	432 F3d 1050	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	30 Dec 2005	WorldLII	3
Hackett v Price Sci S	381 F3d 281	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	26 Aug 2004	WorldLII	3
Howard v United States	374 F3d 1068	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	25 Jun 2004	WorldLII	3
Davis v Mitchell	318 F3d 682	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	4 Feb 2003	WorldLII	3
Langford v Day	102 F3d 1551	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	24 Dec 1996	WorldLII	3
Fetterly v Paskett	15 F3d 1472	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	8 Mar 1994	WorldLII	3
Schlup v Armontrout	945 F2d 1062	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	9 Oct 1991	WorldLII	3
Jackson v Dretke	450 F3d 614	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	30 May 2006	WorldLII	2
Lyons v Rc Lee	316 F3d 528	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	21 Jan 2003	WorldLII	2
Cole v Dretke	443 F3d 441	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	17 Mar 2006	WorldLII	1
Tennard v Dretke	442 F3d 240	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	1 Mar 2006	WorldLII	1
Allen v Rc Lee	319 F3d 645	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	24 Mar 2003	WorldLII	1
Jazzabi v Allstate Insurance Co	278 F3d 979	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	29 Jan 2002	WorldLII	1
STANLEY SANDERS, Petitioner-Appellant, v MICHAEL F EASLEY, Attorney General of North Carolina; R C LEE, Warden, Central Prison, Raleigh, North Carolina, Respondents-Appellees	230 F3d 679	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	31 Oct 2000	WorldLII	1
Hopkinson v Shillinger	954 F2d 609	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	15 Jan 1992	WorldLII	1
Stokes v Armontrout	901 F2d 1460	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	24 Apr 1990	WorldLII	1
Shatrughna Baban Meshram v Maharashtra	[2020] INSC 605	Supreme Court of India	India	2 Nov 2020	LIIofIndia
Davie v Mitchell	[2008] USCA6 703	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	12 Nov 2008	WorldLII
Henley v Bell	487 F3d 379	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	15 May 2007	WorldLII
United States v Miller	434 F3d 820	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	11 Jan 2006	WorldLII
Allen v Rc Lee	370 F3d 402	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	4 Jun 2004	WorldLII
Mexico v United States of America - Avena and Other Mexican Nationals - Counter-Memorial of the United States of America - Written Proceedings	[2003] ICJTrans 41	International Court of Justice	International	2 Nov 2003	WorldLII
Middleton v Evatt T	[1996] USCA4 479	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	14 Feb 1996	WorldLII
Noland v T Dixon	[1995] USCA4 1039	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	1 May 1995	WorldLII
Dixon v L	[1994] USCA4 1368	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	30 Jun 1994	WorldLII
Marquez v S Gunn	[1994] USCA9 2005	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	21 Jun 1994	WorldLII
United States v Lee	[1994] USCA9 864	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	22 Mar 1994	WorldLII
Harris v State T	966 F2d 1442		United States	10 Jun 1992	WorldLII

Law Journal Articles Referring to this Case

Journal Article Title	Citation(s)	Author	Jurisdiction	Date	Full Text		Citation Index †
"Capital Punishment in the United States and Beyond"	(2007) 31 Melbourne University Law Review 837	Marcus, Paul	Australia	circa 2007	AustLII

Legislation Cited

Legislation Name	Provision
Eighth Amendment
Constitution

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date	Full Text	Citation Index †
302 Se2d 144	302 SE2d 144		United States			5
292 Se2d 203	292 SE2d 203		United States			5
257 Se2d 597	257 SE2d 597		United States			5
Brown v Rc Lee	319 F3d 162	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	14 Feb 2003	WorldLII	4
Hunt v Rc Lee	291 F3d 284	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	23 May 2002	WorldLII	4
Caruthers Alexander, Petitioner-Appellant, v Gary l Johnson, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Institutional Division, Respondent-Appellee	211 F3d 895	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	5 May 2000	WorldLII	4
Campbell v Merit Systems Protection Board	27 F3d 1560	United States Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit	United States	6 Jun 1994	WorldLII	4
372 Se2d 12	372 SE2d 12		United States	circa 1994		4
Albrecht 04-9006 v Horn 04-9005	485 F3d 103	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	19 Apr 2007	WorldLII	3
Nelson v Quarterman	472 F3d 287	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	11 Dec 2006	WorldLII	3
Coble v Dretke	444 F3d 345	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	22 Mar 2006	WorldLII	3
Nelson v Dretke	442 F3d 282	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	1 Mar 2006	WorldLII	3
United States v Southwell	432 F3d 1050	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	30 Dec 2005	WorldLII	3
Hackett v Price Sci S	381 F3d 281	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	26 Aug 2004	WorldLII	3
Howard v United States	374 F3d 1068	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	25 Jun 2004	WorldLII	3
Davis v Mitchell	318 F3d 682	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	4 Feb 2003	WorldLII	3
Langford v Day	102 F3d 1551	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	24 Dec 1996	WorldLII	3
Fetterly v Paskett	15 F3d 1472	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	8 Mar 1994	WorldLII	3
Schlup v Armontrout	945 F2d 1062	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	9 Oct 1991	WorldLII	3
State v Harris	89 RI 202; 152 A2d 106		United States - Rhode Island	circa 1991		3
Jackson v Dretke	450 F3d 614	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	30 May 2006	WorldLII	2
Lyons v Rc Lee	316 F3d 528	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	21 Jan 2003	WorldLII	2
See People v Morris	413 NYS2d 757; 68 AD2d 893		United States - New York	circa 2003		2
304 Se2d 184	304 SE2d 184		United States	circa 2003		2
Cole v Dretke	443 F3d 441	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	17 Mar 2006	WorldLII	1
Tennard v Dretke	442 F3d 240	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	1 Mar 2006	WorldLII	1
Allen v Rc Lee	319 F3d 645	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	24 Mar 2003	WorldLII	1
Jazzabi v Allstate Insurance Co	278 F3d 979	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	29 Jan 2002	WorldLII	1
STANLEY SANDERS, Petitioner-Appellant, v MICHAEL F EASLEY, Attorney General of North Carolina; R C LEE, Warden, Central Prison, Raleigh, North Carolina, Respondents-Appellees	230 F3d 679	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	31 Oct 2000	WorldLII	1
Hopkinson v Shillinger	954 F2d 609	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	15 Jan 1992	WorldLII	1
Stokes v Armontrout	901 F2d 1460	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	24 Apr 1990	WorldLII	1
Shatrughna Baban Meshram v Maharashtra	[2020] INSC 605	Supreme Court of India	India	2 Nov 2020	LIIofIndia
Davie v Mitchell	[2008] USCA6 703	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	12 Nov 2008	WorldLII
Henley v Bell	487 F3d 379	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	15 May 2007	WorldLII
"Capital Punishment in the United States and Beyond"	(2007) 31 Melbourne University Law Review 837	Marcus, Paul	Australia	circa 2007	AustLII
United States v Miller	434 F3d 820	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	11 Jan 2006	WorldLII
Allen v Rc Lee	370 F3d 402	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	4 Jun 2004	WorldLII
Mexico v United States of America - Avena and Other Mexican Nationals - Counter-Memorial of the United States of America - Written Proceedings	[2003] ICJTrans 41	International Court of Justice	International	2 Nov 2003	WorldLII
Middleton v Evatt T	[1996] USCA4 479	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	14 Feb 1996	WorldLII
Noland v T Dixon	[1995] USCA4 1039	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	1 May 1995	WorldLII
Dixon v L	[1994] USCA4 1368	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	30 Jun 1994	WorldLII
Marquez v S Gunn	[1994] USCA9 2005	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	21 Jun 1994	WorldLII
United States v Lee	[1994] USCA9 864	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	22 Mar 1994	WorldLII
Harris v State T	966 F2d 1442		United States	10 Jun 1992	WorldLII

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